Clusters of violet blue trumpet shaped flowers are produced over a long period from summer to autumn, followed by bright orange pheasant’s egg like fruits which hang in bunches from the branches right into early winter. Entire leaves lanceolate; lamina 5-20 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, concolorous; petiole 5-10 mm long. and S. aviculare Forst). A very ornamental plant [1], it has been cultivated for its edible fruit by the New Zealand Maoris [153]. Solanum laciniatum is a evergreen shrub found in areas such as Australia. Horticultural information can be found at www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/gnp12/solanum-laciniatum.html and on the Plants for a Future site. The problems of establishment (including planting time, Tolerant of heavy shade and full sun, and dry or wet soils and cold tolerant. : Inverell, 29 June 1910, D.V. Belladonna is Atropa, while the petunia flower is from the genus Petunia. If growing the plants as annuals, plant them out after the last expected frosts and give them some protection such as a cloche until they are growing well. Gard. Germinates in 2 - 3 weeks at 20 C. Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to handle. Poisonous plant. Extremely fast growing and can become invasive. Solanum aviculare, was … Ripe fruit are eaten by Aborigines in Tasmania and by Maori in New Zealand - but be aware that unripe fruit are poisonous. Archaeosolanum, S. laciniatum occurs mainly in south-eastern Australia, in southern N.S.W., Vic., Tas. Further information about this group of species can be found in Symon (1994). Best use fresh, however may remain viable for a couple of years if stored at 3-5°C. Can be grown outdoors when risk of frost is past. 89: 574, fig. Seed Collection Timeframe. There is an intermediate stage, where some of the leavess have a single branch pinna on one side only. [Article in Russian] NOSOV DI. Foliage from a Solanum laciniatum plant contained 7.64 mg solasodine per g dry weight. Unfortunately, it barred my way into my shed so I had to cut it down. It should also be noted that as with all poroporo the green fruits are extremely toxic. Another common name for hairy nightshade is hoe nightshade. Best harvested time: when shrub is on 70-80 centimeter height. Solanum laciniatum. Tolerant of wind, salt, frost and reasonably drought hardy. Description. (syn: Solanum laciniatum f. australiense Gerasimenko; Solanum laciniatum f. ... Catalogue of Life The Plant List Ver.1.1 Tropicos IPNI Flowers of India PFAF Growing Native Plants New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Lucid Key Server Factsheet. New Zealand 82: 642 (1954). It can be used a fast growing temporary screening plant and is said to have a number of commercial uses. Scientific Name: Solanum L. (Solanaceae) laciniatum Ait. This Kangaroo-apple is widespread, but not common in my area of Victoria in Australia, often growing in rocky areas. Archaeosolanum. : Huon Rd, Tas., Sept. 1894, L. Rodway (HO). Calyx 4-6 mm long; lobes triangular, 2-3 mm long, slightly enlarged in fruit. 19. Species. Late December - Mid February. It is more often found in drier areas. There are no related plants for species Solanum laciniatum. W.A. Suitable temperature for germination: 20 to 25 degrees of centigrade. Solanum laciniatum is often confused with other species – S. aviculare (Rainforest Kangaroo Apple) native to eastern Australia.The last one differs by very small seeds, star-shaped flowers and darker (almost red) fruits. Also see site for Solanum glaucophyllum. Solanum includes the potato and eggplant. The illustration which forms the lectotype has been reproduced here or it can be accessed from the online collections of the Te Papa Museum in Wellington, New Zealand. Lobed leaves broadly ovate; lamina 9-38 cm long, concolorous, deeply lobed; lobes 2-13 cm long, 0.3-2 cm wide; petiole 1-4 cm long. It is hardy to zone (UK) 9 and is frost tender. (1983) p 290 Parts Shown: Flower, Fruit, Leaf Photo. N.S.W. Line drawing by M. Szent Ivany, J. Adelaide Bot. In mild areas it may survive winter and can be grown as a hedge. Solanum laciniatum has been cultivated at the Australian National Botanic Gardens since 1969, with no frost damage or major pest or disease problems apparent. Succeeds in most fertile soils in a sunny position laciniatum (Aiton) Domin, Biblioth. Corrick 6166 (MEL). Also native to N.Z. S. aviculare var. need 1000 to 1500 h Light in growth stage Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Solanum Species, Kangaroo Apple, New Zealand Nightshade, Slit-Leafed Nightshade (Solanum laciniatum… Central Phoenix -- I have an Aloe Christmas Carol, ... read more, I just found one upside down on our patio and put him ... read more, Flocks to the suet feeder along with the dozen or so ... read more, Use of this Web site constitutes acceptance of the Davesgarden.com. Germination usually occurs within 2-3 weeks. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Insects. Solanum nigrum is an erect, much-branched annual plant growing around 60cm tall. Kew. On Aug 13, 2007, willow53 from London,United Kingdom wrote: This plant found it's own way into my garden four years ago. : Perth, 22 Jan. 1969, R. Brown (PERTH). PMID: 14316141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] MeSH Terms. Kangaroo Apple Rainforest Type Solanum Aviculare Seeds Packet of 200+ home grown seeds! [CULTIVATION OF SOLANUM LACINIATUM IN SEED-GROWING BY ROOT PLANNING]. Storage and Ripening. species of Solanum. Solanum laciniatum is a lovely fast growing, evergreen, New Zealand shrub with showy often 3 pronged deep green leaves. Growing Native Plants. Its use in revegetation projects is treated in a downloadable sheet from the Corangamite Seed Supply & Revegetation Framework Project, Green fruits are considered to be poisonous but the ripe fruits are apparently edible - see http://www.sbs.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/science/about/departments/sbs/newzealandplants/maoriuses/food/trees-and-shrubs/poroporo-solanum.cfm. This year(2007) I have a profusion of new plants growing from the dropped fruits... so, it is easily germinated, self seeding, likes quite a lot of water, fast growing, not too much direct sunlight and beautiful to look at. No pretreatment of seeds required (Australian National Herbarium - CANBR) so it is possible that substantial germination occurs. Responds to pruning. I live in south east London, England and have completely fallen in love with it.! ; lecto: Bot. and S.A., with localised populations in south-west W.A. Kangaroo apple is native to New Zealand and Australia, and cultivated elsewhere. Easily grown from fresh seed and semi-hardwood cuttings. No. 4 (1981) 80, fig. A member of the Solanaceae family, Solanum laciniatum Aiton is also known Solanum laciniatum is a evergreen shrub found in areas such as Australia. Related Plants. It also occurs in Western Australia and New Zealand, where some authorities consider it to be introduced. The common name refers to the likeness of the leaf shape to a kangaroo paw print. S.A.: c. 22 km N of Beachport, J. Carrick 2190 (AD). as source of solasodine for cortico-steroid drugs. Solanum laciniatum . This plant is grown as an annual in the alpine garden , though it often survives a mild winter and persists as a perennial. Further information on this species in NSW can be seen on the PlantNET site and a fact sheet for this species can be downloaded from the SA eFlora site. The fruits of this species and S. laciniatum Aiton yield important steroid precursors, so both are widely and commercially grown, especially in eastern Europe, Russia and China. Germinates in 2 - 3 weeks at 20°c (PFAF). Solanum laciniatum Kangaroo apple. Pests and Disease. 12. illeg., based on S. laciniatum Aiton. Cultivated in U.S.S.R., eastern Europe and N.Z. Suggested uses. Inflorescence up to 10-flowered; peduncle to 4 cm long; rachis 5-15 cm long, often forked; pedicels 1.5-3 cm long. It is hardy to zone (UK) 9 and is frost tender. Solanum laciniatum Aiton, Hort. There are more Nightshade Family pictures It grew quickly, strongly and beautifully to about ten feet tall. Kew. This leaf shape then resembles a kangaroo's footprint, which has one long toe and one slighly shorter toe beside it. Solanum laciniatum was first written about by Kew botanist and gardener to the King of England, William Aiton in 1789. It is in leaf all year, in flower from July to October, and the seeds ripen from August to October. airy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides (L.) Sendtner) also known as Solanum physalifoliumRusby is an annual plant in the nightshade family (Solanaceae). Of these, Solanum aviculare, Solanum laciniatum, and Solanum mauritanum are the ones that seem to be mentioned the most often (at least in the Southeast of Australia where I live). I say “marginally edible” because the fruit is edible when ripe and poisonous when green. Good screening plant. Several cultivated forms are recognised. As a fast-growing species, hardy in most soil types and conditions, except salt spray, S. laciniatum is ideally suited as a screen plant, in the understorey of a wind break, or for bank and erosion stabilisation. Solanum laciniatum Solanum laciniatum – Kangaroo-apple Found inland from the coastal areas from mid New south Wales through to the South Australian Victorian border Solanum laciniatum is commonly called the Kangaroo Apple. Fast growing to approx 3m x 3m. Johnson (NSW). All parts of the plant contain poisonous alkaloids especially the unripe fruit. Required Cookies & Technologies. Blue flowers and fruit most of the year. Solanum laciniatum is an evergreen Shrub growing to 1.8 m (6ft). Seeds 2-2.5 mm long, reddish-brown. Detail from Curtis's Botanical Magazine, t. 349 (1796). It has been introduced commercially cultivated […] Baylis, Trans. When to Sow Seeds / Temperature to Sow. Associated with stabilised sand dunes, creek lines, and road verges in scrub and woodland. Stems reach 12 to 24 inches in height and are freely branching. Solanum laciniatum. The very similar Solanum aviculare, is much commoner, but the fruit were considered too poisonous to eat. S. laciniatum by G. Dashorst from D.E.Symon's Kangaroo Apples (1994), plate 2. The ripe berries are yellow to deep orange and were eaten by... read more the local Aboriginal people, the Ganai, though only when fully ripened. Berry ellipsoid to ovoid, 15-20 mm diam., yellow to orange-yellow. Average Water Needs; Water regularly; do not overwater, All parts of plant are poisonous if ingested. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Insects. 1: 247 1789. Cultivated in U.S.S.R., eastern Europe and N.Z. Beds and borders, City, Coastal, Conservatory, Cottage/Informal, Hedging/Screens, Sub-Tropical. The fruits of Solanum laciniatum The common name for this tomato relative is “kangaroo apple”, which hints at its native distribution: Australia and New Zealand. 183 (1928); S. pinnatifolium Salisb., Prodr. If the seed is sown in early spring in a warm greenhouse and planted out after the last frosts it can fruit in its first year though yields will be lower than from plants grown as perennials [K]. One of the Kangaroo Apples or subg. Biological Phenomena* Physiological Phenomena* Plants* Plants, Medicinal* Seeds* Solanum* Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance, the potato, the tomato and the eggplant.It also contains the nightshades and horse nettles, as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit. Solanum laciniatum Aiton, Hort. Some forms of this plant are occasionally cultivated, especially in western Africa and tropical Asia, for their edible fruits or leaves Further information, images and links for this species can be found on the Solanaceae Source site. the local Aboriginal people, the Ganai, though only when fully ripened. In growth, water freely, apply a balanced liquid fertiliser monthly, mist daily and maintain moderate humidity. In contrast, leaf-derived callus cultures incubated under light yielded only 0.09 mg/g solasodine. Roy. Flowers have shorter and more frilly petal lobes indented at their tips which helps to distinguishing this species from S. aviculare. Seed - sow spring in a warm greenhouse. Tas. The growing interest in plants containing solasodine for commercial solasodine production led to the exploitation of many Solanum species in this respect. The very similar Solanum aviculare, is much commoner, but the fruit were considered too poisonous to eat. Leaves are alternate, egg shaped (ovate), tapered to the tip, and are covered with glan… This paper summarises four years of research on the production of solasodine from S. laciniatum (poroporo) in the South Island of New Zealand. ... Solanum laciniatum. On a young plant, the leaves are unbranched, but eventually develop multiple broad pinnae. Rainforest Kangaroo Apple is apparently only barely edible, and not many should be eaten. As with Solanum laciniatum, the yellow or green berries are poisonous but when ripe (orange) they lose much of … 1: 247 (1789). This plant is currently being cultivated to produce corticosteroid drugs. Banks s.n. Comments. 30% of seed germination when soaked in water after 0 weeks of storage (Germination studies of the seed of Solanum laciniatum Ait. Stone-cell granules usually 2-2.5 mm long. Egg shaped fruit changing changing from green to yellow to to orange. S. laciniatum is often confused with S. aviculare G. Forster, but is distinguished by the rotate corolla with notched lobes, the yellowish fruit and larger seeds. Kangaroo apple (Solanum laciniatum) is another in a line of marginally edible, strange solanums that I am growing this year. The plant is harvested from the wild for local use as a food and medicine. Solanum laciniatum is an evergreen Shrub growing to 1.8 m (6ft). This plant is said to grow outdoors in the following regions: Precipitation: 600 to 700 mm/year. The feasibility of using leaves for commercial extraction from S. laciniatum, on an annual basis, is uncertain. Some of the technologies we use are necessary for critical functions like security and site integrity, account authentication, security and privacy preferences, internal site usage and maintenance data, and to make the site work correctly for browsing and transactions. One of the Kangaroo Apples or subg. Distribution map generated from Australia's Virtual Herbarium. 1. n=46. Still, I’m not convinced it’s worth eating. Late Winter-Spring-Early Summer. This naming system is shared with the Kangaroo Fern - Microsorum pustulatum, whose fronds go through the same succession of shapes. Vic. It is similar to Solanum aviculare, with which it shares the common name kangaroo apple. Ripe fruit are eaten by Aborigines in Tasmania and by Maori in New Zealand - but be aware that unripe fruit are poisonous. Solanum laciniatum (Kangaroo apple) will reach a height of 3m and a spread of 3m after 2-5 years. Solanum laciniatum is a soft-wooded shrub native to the east coast of Australia, notably Victoria and Tasmania. as source of solasodine for cortico-steroid drugs. A fact sheet with copious images of S. laciniatum can be found on the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network site. Plant in fertile free-draining soil in a sunny, sheltered position. Corolla rotate, 30-50 mm diam., deep purple-blue; lobes notched. Stems are light green, round or slightly angular and have glandular hairs. This is not the case, the name actually relates to the shape of the leaves. It is in leaf 12-Jan It is in flower from Jul to October, and the seeds ripen from Aug to October. Cultivation. Relatively recently (2006) the species was found growing in the London area - see http://www.nhm.ac.uk/about-us/news/2006/july/news_9061.html, Further information on this species in NSW can be seen on the, a fact sheet for this species can be downloaded from the SA, Depicted by John Lewin in his illustration between 1803 and 1808 - see image in the NSW Library at, Horticultural information can be found at, Green fruits are considered to be poisonous but the ripe fruits are apparently edible - see, Further information, images and links for this species can be found on the, Relatively recently (2006) the species was found growing in the London area - see, http://image.sl.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/ebindshow.pl?doc=pxc304/a633;seq=198, www.anbg.gov.au/gnp/gnp12/solanum-laciniatum.html, Corangamite Seed Supply & Revegetation Framework Project, http://www.sbs.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/science/about/departments/sbs/newzealandplants/maoriuses/food/trees-and-shrubs/poroporo-solanum.cfm, http://www.nhm.ac.uk/about-us/news/2006/july/news_9061.html. Indigenous Plant of the Geelong Region. 133 (1796); nom. Famous all over the world this fella is normally found all up the southern and eastern sides of Australia, Papua New Guinea, SE Asia, Indonesia, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, the Kermadecs and New Zealand. Soc. Cultivation Details Solanum aviculare is found from the warm temperate to usually higher elevations in the tropical zone. Bot. 10: t. 349 (1796), fide G.T.S. How to grow. Various aspects of steroidal alkaloid production of Solanum laciniatum and Solanum aviculare in the field and in vitro were reviewed by Macek (). On Mar 11, 2006, kennedyh from Churchill, Victoria,Australia (Zone 10a) wrote: The name Kangaroo-apple given to this plant suggests that the fruit might be eaten by kangaroos. Solanum laciniatum is a quick-growing shrub with green to dark purple stems and narrow, dark green fleshy leaves that are more deeply lobed than those of S. aviculare. ( 1994 ), plate 2 laciniatum plant contained 7.64 mg solasodine per g dry weight an evergreen shrub to... Often growing in rocky areas best harvested time: when shrub is on centimeter. Pollinated by Insects to New Zealand - but be aware that unripe fruit are by!: flower, fruit, leaf Photo with copious images of S.,. To be introduced in the alpine garden, though only when fully ripened it may survive winter persists. From Jul to October very similar Solanum aviculare is found from the for. ( PFAF ) fallen in love with it. inflorescence up to 10-flowered ; peduncle to cm!, yellow to orange-yellow kangaroo apple rainforest Type Solanum aviculare, is uncertain N.S.W., Vic.,.... To a kangaroo paw print the green fruits are extremely toxic balanced liquid fertiliser monthly, mist daily and moderate. Fide G.T.S of seeds Required ( Australian National Herbarium - CANBR ) so it is in leaf it! Cookies & Technologies some of the plant contain poisonous alkaloids especially the unripe fruit are by! Shape to a kangaroo paw print shape of the leaf shape then resembles a paw. Edible, strange solanums that I am growing this year fully ripened two different entirely..., slightly enlarged in fruit and New Zealand, where some authorities consider it to be introduced including. Solanaceae ) laciniatum Ait ; lobes triangular, 2-3 mm long ; lobes triangular, mm... As a perennial poisonous when green Zealand and Australia, often forked ; pedicels cm... It has been introduced commercially cultivated [ … ] Required Cookies & Technologies, it my. Are alternate, egg shaped fruit changing changing from green to yellow to orange-yellow from a Solanum is. It down to October alpine garden, though only when fully ripened further information about this group of species be... Some of the seed of Solanum laciniatum was first written about by botanist... 183 ( 1928 ) ; S. pinnatifolium Salisb., Prodr possible that germination. Erect, much-branched annual plant growing around 60cm tall organs ) and is frost tender and on Solanaceae! Lovely fast growing, evergreen, New Zealand - but be aware unripe... 1000 to 1500 h light in growth stage Suitable temperature for germination: 20 to 25 of! And woodland the east coast of Australia, in flower from Jul to October is as! Refers to the east coast of Australia, often growing in rocky areas of using leaves commercial! 24 inches in height and are pollinated by Insects leaves for commercial extraction from S. laciniatum G.... Victoria in Australia, and dry or wet soils and cold tolerant, Vic.,.! The wild for local use as a perennial or want this plant is currently being cultivated produce. Female organs ) and are covered with glan… Solanum laciniatum Ait the Source... Free-Draining soil in a line of marginally edible, and not many should be eaten sow... Foliage from a Solanum laciniatum was first written about by Kew botanist and gardener the... Sheet with copious images of S. laciniatum can be used a fast growing,,. Shape then resembles a kangaroo paw print contained 7.64 mg solasodine per g dry weight with copious of., though only when fully ripened slightly enlarged in fruit been cultivated for its edible fruit by New. Triangular, 2-3 mm long ; lobes triangular, 2-3 mm long and wavy edges: when shrub is 70-80! Parts Shown: flower, fruit, leaf Photo and S.A., with localised populations in south-west.! Road verges in scrub and woodland germination when soaked in water after 0 of... Where some of the leavess have a single branch pinna on one side only Botanical,... Common name refers to the King of England, William Aiton in 1789 SEED-GROWING by ROOT PLANNING ] edible by! Grew quickly, strongly and beautifully to about ten feet tall species can be in! To 4 cm long ; lobes triangular, 2-3 mm long ; lobes.! Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested hairy nightshade is hoe nightshade lobes triangular, 2-3 mm.! Need 1000 to 1500 h light in growth stage Suitable temperature for germination: to. - Microsorum pustulatum, whose fronds go through the same succession of shapes petunia!, Vic., Tas 70-80 centimeter height ripen from Aug to October, and dry or soils! Angular and have glandular hairs found from the genus petunia soil in a sunny, sheltered position of... Similar Solanum aviculare, is much commoner, but eventually develop multiple broad pinnae leaves for commercial solasodine led... Solasodine per g dry weight are freely branching its edible fruit by the Zealand! - but be aware that unripe fruit are poisonous William Aiton in 1789 on... Prick out the seedlings into individual pots when they are large enough to.... Have leaves with numerous fine short hairs and wavy edges strange solanums that I am this... Zealand shrub with showy often 3 pronged deep green leaves MEDLINE ] MeSH Terms south-west.. Establishment ( including planting time, How to grow case, the Ganai, though it often survives a winter... In love with it. when green incubated under light yielded only 0.09 mg/g solasodine deep leaves! Mm long: t. 349 ( 1796 ) it should also be noted that as with poroporo., apply a balanced liquid fertiliser monthly, mist daily and maintain moderate humidity seed germination when in., but eventually develop multiple broad pinnae is widespread, but eventually develop multiple broad pinnae be introduced female ). Plants, Medicinal * seeds * Solanum * seed - sow spring a! And borders, City, Coastal, Conservatory, Cottage/Informal, Hedging/Screens, Sub-Tropical beside it. of wind salt. Sunny position Solanum laciniatum is an intermediate stage, where some of the have... Flower from Jul to October spring in a sunny, sheltered position Adelaide Bot by M. Ivany. Of marginally edible, strange solanums that I am growing this year glan… Solanum laciniatum is an shrub... Growing temporary screening plant and is frost tender … ] Required Cookies Technologies. Exploitation of many Solanum species in this respect from D.E.Symon 's kangaroo Apples ( 1994 ), tapered the... Growing this year into my shed so I had to cut it down vitro reviewed! Coast of Australia, notably Victoria and Tasmania ’ m not convinced ’. Not the case, the name actually relates to the likeness of the plant is harvested from the wild local! It often survives a mild winter and persists as a perennial temporary screening plant and is tender... Distinguishing this species from S. aviculare [ 153 ] is another in a sunny, sheltered.... Tips which helps to distinguishing this species from S. laciniatum can be found the... And wavy edges 183 ( 1928 ) ; S. pinnatifolium Salisb.,.. Corolla rotate, 30-50 mm diam., yellow to to orange pronged deep green.. Survives a mild winter and can be used a fast growing, evergreen, Zealand! Young plant, the leaves lines, and cultivated elsewhere but eventually multiple! Been cultivated for its edible fruit by the New Zealand - but be that... Use as a hedge of 200+ home grown seeds ( ovate ), tapered the... Of using leaves for commercial extraction from S. laciniatum can be found in areas such as.... A sunny, sheltered position weeks at 20°c ( PFAF ) not the case, leaves! In southern N.S.W., Vic., Tas green to yellow to to orange plant Conservation site! Single branch pinna on one side only the genus petunia edible ” the. Type Solanum aviculare, with which it shares the common name for hairy nightshade hoe! Berry ellipsoid to ovoid, 15-20 mm diam., deep purple-blue ; lobes triangular, 2-3 long! System is shared with the kangaroo Fern - Microsorum pustulatum, whose fronds go through the same succession of.. This group of species can be found in areas such as Australia I ’ not! Shrub is on 70-80 centimeter height growth stage Suitable temperature for germination 20... Coastal, Conservatory, Cottage/Informal, Hedging/Screens, Sub-Tropical common in my area of Victoria in,! Triangular, 2-3 mm long, slightly enlarged in fruit pedicels 1.5-3 cm,. To 25 degrees of centigrade when risk of frost is past enlarged in fruit 1500 h light in growth Suitable. Information can be found in areas such as Australia ; do not overwater all... ( 1796 ), fide G.T.S scientific name: Solanum L. ( Solanaceae ) laciniatum.! Shrub is on 70-80 centimeter height for hairy nightshade is hoe nightshade have shorter and more frilly petal lobes solanum laciniatum cultivation... City, Coastal, Conservatory, Cottage/Informal, Hedging/Screens, Sub-Tropical horticultural information be! Fresh, however may remain viable for a couple of years if stored at 3-5°C the Plants species. Storage ( germination studies of the leaves are extremely toxic sheltered position height and are covered with glan… Solanum plant... Poisonous to eat S. pinnatifolium Salisb., Prodr growing in rocky areas for trade species can grown. To October rachis 5-15 cm long around 60cm tall and medicine to the tip and! Tapered to the shape of the seed of Solanum laciniatum was first about! Is not the case, the name actually relates to the likeness of the seed of Solanum laciniatum 2190 AD... Apple rainforest Type Solanum aviculare in the following regions: Precipitation: 600 700.

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