A combustion light gas gun (CLGG) is a projectile weapon that utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. A tank gun is the main armament of a tank. A combustion light-gas gun (CLGG) is a projectile weapon that utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. The initial Range G configuration was a 2.5-inch bore, two-stage, light-gas gun firing into a 10-foot-diameter test tank 1,000-feet in length. Fuzes, explosive fill, and guidance systems all must be "hardened" against the significant acceleration loads of conventional artillery to survive and function properly. In order to evaluate the impact damage on materials and systems, specific equipment tools are needed. Why are my soldiers weapons so ineffective, or the rarity of one-hit kills. The blast and flash are caused by the combustion products of the gunpowder, and any remaining unburned powder, mixing with the ambient air. Solid shot may contain a pyrotechnic compound if a tracer or spotting charge is used. 1.0 caliber, .50 caliber, and .17 caliber two stage light gas guns are housed in the Remote Hypervelocity Test Laboratory. Firearm muzzle velocities range from approximately 120 m/s (390 ft/s) to 370 m/s (1,200 ft/s) in black powder muskets, to more than 1,200 m/s (3,900 ft/s) in modern rifles with high-velocity cartridges such as the .220 Swift and .204 Ruger, all the way to 1,700 m/s (5,600 ft/s) for tank guns firing kinetic energy penetrator ammunition. This gun was in operation until 1994 when the larger 3.3-inch gun was installed and the older 2.5 inch gun became the Range I launcher. Manufacturing cost and production time are drastically lower than for standard cannon or other small-arm weapon systems firing a projectile of the same size and weight. AP rounds smaller than 20 mm are typically known as "armor-piercing ammunition", and are intended for lightly-armored targets such as body armor, bulletproof glass and light armored vehicles. 7819 - The Combustion Light Gas Gun - A Progress Update, Mr. David Kruczynski, UTRON, Inc. 7972 - A New Method for Fabricating Copper Rotating Bands on Munitions, Mr. Michael Minnicino, Aberdeen Proving Ground; Amunition. These guns use oxygen-hydrogen or hydrocarbon mixtures to propell their projectiles. Plausability of combustion light-gas guns replacing conventional guns in the future? In a light-gas gun, the piston is powered by a chemical reaction (usually gunpowder), a… The combustion light gas gun (CLGG) is an advanced launching system with potentially extremely high muzzle velocity, in which the projectile is propelled by the combustion expansion of a low molecular weight combustible gas mixture [ 1 ]. In order to better understand the interior ballistic process of CLGG, an multidimensional combustion and … The Combustion Light Gas Gun, or CLGG, has been investigated for over ten years. A combustion light-gas gun (CLGG) is a projectile weapon that utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. “Lightening Strike” – An Indirect Fire Concept Utilizing Combustion Light Gas Gun (CLGG) Technology to Achieve Extreme Ranges. Propellants are burned or otherwise decomposed to produce the propellant gas. A dynamite gun is any of a class of artillery pieces that use compressed air to propel an explosive projectile. 2 + O. Originally, it was called a "bombshell", but "shell" has come to be unambiguous in a military context. The knowledge of material properties involved in impact situations is critical in different technological areas in order to guarantee safe operations. Smokeless powder is the name given to a number of propellants used in firearms and artillery that produce negligible smoke when fired, unlike the gunpowder or black powder they replaced. Other propellants are simply liquids that can readily be vaporized. These types of guns are also called hypervelocity guns since the projectile travels at more than Mach 5 (1500 m/s at sea level). Another issue is the survival of projectile payloads at higher accelerations. While this technology does appear to provide higher velocities, the main drawback with gaseous or liquid propellants for gun systems is the difficulty in getting uniform and predictable ignition and muzzle velocities. The combustion light gas gun (CLGG) uses a low molecular weight gas as the propellant to burn, expand and propel the projectile out of the barrel with higher muzzle velocities. The gun is a ranged weapon typically designed to pneumatically discharge solid projectiles but can also be liquid or even charged particles and may be free-flying or tethered. A projectile is any object thrown by the exertion of a force. A propellant or propellent is a chemical substance used in the production of energy or pressurized gas that is subsequently used to create movement of a fluid or to generate propulsion of a vehicle, projectile, or other object. The gases are ignited, burn, expand and propel the projectile out of the barrel with higher efficiency relative to solid propellant and have achieved higher muzzle velocities in experiments. Combustion light gas gun technology is one of the areas being explored in an attempt to achieve higher velocities from artillery to gain greater range. A light-gas gun works on the same principle as a spring piston airgun. 0 - Classic Hydrogen Reaction. Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons built to launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. 4. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during sieges, and led to heavy, fairly immobile siege engines. From the 1860s to 1950s, a major application of armor-piercing projectiles was to defeat the thick armor carried on many warships. Common propellants are energetic materials and consist of a fuel like gasoline, jet fuel, rocket fuel, and an oxidizer. Another light gas gun, the Combustion Light Gas Gun in a 155 mm prototype form was projected to achieve 2500 m/s with An experimental light-gas gun should operate in a similar way to a conventional gun with powder. [1] The corporation claims to have a system ready for testing as a potential long-range naval fire support weapon for emerging ships, such as the Zumwalt-class destroyer. Higher velocity weapons, like the CLGG, face these engineering challenges as they edge the boundaries of firing accelerations higher. 2 + xH. 2 + O. When the gases are ignited, they burn, expand and propel the projectile out of the barrel with higher efficiency relative to solid propellant and have achieved higher muzzle velocities in experiments. The size and shape of the muzzle flash is dependent on the combustion energy of propellant being used, the amount of combustible ejecta remaining, and any devices attached to the muzzle. During this time, the research has shown that the technology provides a minimum of 30 more muzzle energy than advanced solid propellent guns which translates to significant advantages in range andor throw weight. Combustion light-gas gun technology is one of the areas being explored in an attempt to achieve higher velocities from artillery to gain greater range. Fuses, explosive fill, and guidance systems all must be "hardened" against the significant acceleration loads of conventional artillery to survive and function properly. David Kruczynski Stephen G. Floroff. Therefore, hydrogen is typically the first choice; however, other propellants like methane can be used. Variance with muzzle velocities affects precision in range, and the further a weapon shoots, the more significant these variances become. A large-diameter piston is used to force a gaseous working fluid through a smaller-diameter barrel containing the projectile to be accelerated. It is thought to be possible to achieve non-rocket spacelaunch with this technology. If an artillery system cannot maintain uniform and predictable muzzle velocities it will be of no use at longer ranges. From the 1920s onwards, armor-piercing weapons were required for anti-tank missions. Therefore, hydrogen is typically the first choice; however, other propellants like methane can be used. The research and development firm UTRON, Inc is experimenting with a combustion light gas gun design for field use. The main difference is constituted by the means of achieving the necessary pressure to accelerate the projectile. The Combustion Light Gas Gun, or CLGG, has been investigated for over ten years. The effect of incomplete combustion were estimated. The \"heat of combustion\" of a fuelis a measure of the amount of energyreleased when the fuel isburned. It enables a much larger projectile to be launched without the heavy equipment typically required for large caliber weapons. CLGGs' gaseous propellants are able to increase the propellant's specific impulse. Light gas guns are designed to reach higher muzzle velocities than combustion guns. The gun consists of three tubes: the expansion, pump, and launch tubes. Developed Combustion Light Gas Gun (CLGG) for US Navy and continued research and development of materials processing technologies and commercial products 1994 to 1997 Received funding from Missile Defense Agency to develop high-velocity and high-energy gun technology advancements 1989 to 1993 C. Light Gas Guns []. Modern tank guns are large-caliber high-velocity guns, capable of firing kinetic energy penetrators, high explosive anti-tank rounds, and in some cases guided missiles. Although any object in motion through space may be called a projectile, the term more commonly refers to a ranged weapon. An improved two-stage light gas gun for launching projectiles at high speeds. What caught my attention however are combustion light-gas guns. While this technology does appear to provide higher velocities, the main drawback with gaseous or liquid propellants for gun systems is the difficulty in getting uniform and predictable ignition and muzzle velocities. In artillery, caliber or calibre is the internal diameter of a gun barrel, or by extension a relative measure of the length. Some basic materials research relies on projectile impact to create high pressure: such systems are capable of forcing liquid hydrogen into a metallic state. This development continues today; modern self-propelled artillery vehicles are highly mobile weapons of great versatility generally providing the largest share of an army's total firepower. This reduction in diameter acts as a lever, increasing the speed while decreasing the force. A gas ignition gun, also known as combustion light-gas gun, utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant.When the gases are ignited, they burn, expand and propel the projectile out of the barrel with higher efficiency relative to solid propellant, allowing it to achieve greater ranges and muzzle velocities. As technology improved, lighter, more mobile field artillery cannons developed for battlefield use. This is an important, but not the only, factor affecting theperformance of a fuel. Muzzle flash is the visible light of a muzzle blast, which is caused by the sudden release and expansion of high-temperature, high-pressure gases from the muzzle of a firearm. The Combustion Light Gas Gun is an advanced gun technology that will provide an affordable near term solution to the Navy’s long-range fire support needs. The expansion piston in turn drives the pump piston housed within the pump tube by means of a rod connecting the two pistons. Not Your Father’s Light Gas Gun Photo of LLNL Light Gas Gun Solid Propellant Piston Projectile H 2 Up to 400 calibers Hydrogen/Oxygen Projectile ~ 38 to 70 calibers Combustion Light Gas Gun “The lighter propellant gases chase the projectile down-bore more efficiently!” The high-low system allows the weight of the weapon and its ammunition to be significantly reduced. Variance with muzzle velocities affects precision in range, and the further a weapon shoots, the more significant these variances become. 6349 - The Combustion Light Gas Gun: A novel yet proven high velocity technology, Mr. David Kruczynski, UTRON, Inc. Fuel Cells for Munitions, Mr. Edgar Seydel, Th e Ashlawn Group 6332 - Plasma-Enchanced Magnetron Technology for Durable Pollution-Free Coatings, Dr. Sabrina Lee , … CLGG’s gaseous propellants are able to increase the propellant's specific impulse. An armor-piercing shell, armour-piercing shell in Commonwealth English, AP for short, is a type of ammunition designed to penetrate armor. The tablebelow lists the heats of combustion along with other parameters for avariety of pure fuels. 2. When the gases are ignited, they burn, expand and propel the projectile out of the barrel with higher efficiency relative to solid propellant and have achieved higher muzzle velocities in experiments. It is a highly specialized gun designed to generate extremely high velocities. Hot Network Questions The combustible gas mixture is … GoatPenis, Combustion Light Gas Gun (Glgg) from Depleted Ammunition.TOTAL WAR The railgun uses a pair of parallel conductors (rails), along which a sliding armature is accelerated by the electromagnetic effects of a current that flows down one rail, into the armature and then back along the other rail. A combustion light gas gun (CLGG) uses low molecular weight gas, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.. searching for Combustion light-gas gun 1 found (4 total) alternate case: combustion light-gas gun Railgun (12,676 words) no match in snippet view article find links to article for development as military weapons. Combustion Light Gas Gun LIU Ning, ZHANG Xiang-yan (School of Mechanical engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China) Abstract: The combustion light gas gun (CLGG) is the launching system which uses low 7741 - Super 40mm High Explosive Air Burst - Shaping the Future, Mrs. Kara Sims, General Dynamics - OTS Higher velocity weapons, like the CLGG, face these engineering challenges as they edge the boundaries of firing accelerations higher. Another issue is the survival of projectile payloads at higher accelerations. The term is unique to the United States and is generally not used in other English-speaking countries, which initially used proprietary names such as "Ballistite" and "Cordite" but gradually shifted to "propellant" as the generic term. Conventional guns use solid propellants, usually nitrocellulose-based compounds, to develop the chamber pressures needed to accelerate the projectiles. [1] The corporation claims to have a system ready for testing as a potential long-range naval fire support weapon for emerging ships, such as the Zumwalt-class destroyer. Combustion Gun: Light weight, Portable, Cheap, Reusable, Easy to make, World's first most light weight and transparent yet powerful gun ! A shell is a payload-carrying projectile that, as opposed to shot, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage sometimes includes large solid projectiles properly termed shot. Electrothermal-chemical (ETC) technology is an attempt to increase accuracy and muzzle energy of future tank, artillery, and close-in weapon system guns by improving the predictability and rate of expansion of propellants inside the barrel. A ram accelerator is a device for accelerating projectiles or just a single projectile to extremely high speeds using jet-engine-like propulsion cycles based on ramjet or scramjet combustion processes. The velocity of a 40-gram (a cylindrical slug of minimum practical weight) projectile would be 14,000 ft/sec at the maximum chamber design pressure of 60,000 psi. UTRON has built and tested 45mm and 155mm combustion light gas guns. Internal ballistics, a subfield of ballistics, is the study of the propulsion of a projectile. The CLGG, like the railgun, is a possible candidate technology for greater ranges for naval systems, among others. Ballistics is the field of mechanics concerned with the launching, flight behavior and impact effects of projectiles, especially ranged weapon munitions such as bullets, unguided bombs, rockets or the like; the science or art of designing and accelerating projectiles so as to achieve a desired performance. The high-low system, also referred to as the high-low pressure system, the high-low propulsion system, and the high-low projection system", is a design of cannon and anti-tank launcher using a smaller high-pressure chamber for storing the propellant. The light-gas gun is an apparatus for physics experiments. The main problem with a light-gas gun is that you need a supply of both gunpowder to drive the piston and the light gas (hydrogen or helium) to … 2. The expansion tube contains a close-fitting expansion piston that is propelled by an explosive charge. The AP shell is now seldom used in naval warfare, as modern warships have little or no armor protection. The light-gas gun is an apparatus for physics experiments, a highly specialized gun designed to generate very high velocities. To simulate orbital debris impacts on spacecraft, NASA launches projectiles through light-gas guns at speeds up to 8,500 m/s (28,000 ft/s). Learn how and when to remove this template message. It has a far more efficient use of the propellant, unlike earlier recoilless weapons, where most of the propellant is expended to the rear of the weapon to counter the recoil of the projectile being fired. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Combustion_light_gas_gun?oldid=4206111. Mathematical equations of motion are used to analyze projectile trajectories. 2H. A railgun is a device, typically designed as a weapon, that uses electromagnetic force to launch high velocity projectiles. UTRON has built and tested 45mm and 155mm combustion light-gas guns. 2H. A combustion light gas gun (CLGG) is a projectile weapon that utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. The hollow interior of the barrel is called the bore, and the diameter of the bore is called its caliber, usually measured in inches or millimetres. Combustion Light Gas Gun (CLGG)[11]. It is based on principles similar to those of the homopolar motor. During this time the research has shown that the technology provides a minimum of 30% more muzzle energy than advanced solid propellant guns which translates to significant advantages in … As a conventional gun utilizes the combustion of a prop… A combustion light-gas gun (CLGG) is a projectile weapon that utilizes the explosive force of low molecular-weight combustible gases, such as hydrogen mixed with oxygen, as propellant. Conventional guns use solid propellants, usually nitrocellulose-based compounds, to develop the chamber pressures needed to accelerate the projectiles. It is the straight shooting tube, usually made of rigid high-strength metal, through which a contained rapid expansion of high-pressure gas(es) is introduced behind a projectile in order to propel it out of the front end (muzzle) at a high velocity. In aerodynamics, velocities above Mach 5 … The gun (based on a design at Ernst Mach Institute) has a 100‐mm diameter by 7.6 long pump tube and a 50‐mm diameter by 7.6‐m long launch tube. How to make powered armor viable as a substitute for guns? Mid-term research paper for AP Chemistry on the science behind a combustion light gas gun (CLGG). Two-stage light gas gun design The high pressure second section is 3.8 m long with an internal bore of 42 mm, and contains a light gas, such as hydrogen, sealed at the powder end by a disposable piston and within the central breach by a burst disc (petal valve), separating the high-pressure section and the launch tube. The research and development firm UTRON, Inc is experimenting with a combustion light-gas gun design for field use. In an airgun, the large piston is powered by a spring or compressed air, and the working fluid is atmospheric air. If an artillery system cannot maintain uniform and predictable muzzle velocities it will be of no use at longer ranges. The projectile normally does not contain explosives, instead relying on the projectile's high speed and kinetic energy to inflict damage. 1. When the propellant is ignited, the higher pressure gases are bled out through vents at reduced pressure to a much larger low pressure chamber to push the projectile forward. The CLGG, like the railgun, is a possible candidate technology for greater ranges for naval systems, among others. As shown in Figure 5, the CLGG consists, in its simplest configuration, of a chamber sealed with a diaphragm and filled with a combustible mix of light gaseous propellants such as methane, hydrogen, oxygen, and helium, in various combinations. 2 2H. 2 2H. These lightweight shells were fired at very high muzzle velocity and retained that speed and the associated penetrating power over longer distances. In the anti-tank role, as tank armor improved during World War II newer designs began to use a smaller but dense penetrating body within a larger shell. Heats of combustion can be measured in several different ways and thismakes it difficult to find a consistent set of values for variousfuels. Dynamite guns were in use for a brief period from the 1880s to the beginning of the twentieth century. Anti-aircraft guns can also be mounted to tanks. A gun barrel is a crucial part of gun-type ranged weapons such as small firearms, artillery pieces and air guns. A new compressed‐helium driven two‐stage light gas gun has been installed at LANL to study shock initiated reaction in insensitive high explosives. The Combustion Light Gas Gun or CLGG has been investigated for over ten years. An example of the CLGG’s potential can be seen in Table 1 which shows predicted performance for CLGG based launchers as a function of tube length. Performance of the launcher is summarized as muzzle velocity as a function of maximum chamber pressure for various projectile weights. This is NOT AN OFFICIAL SCHOLARLY DOCUMENT! It is usually used to study high-speed impact phenomena, such as the formation of impact craters by meteorites or the erosion of materials by micrometeoroids. The wiki article says that muzzle velocities of 3 km/s are achivable, but that they have a poor accuracy at artillery ranges. 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